[Annual progress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2025].
Authors
Affiliations (2)
Affiliations (2)
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Hetao Institute of Guangzhou National Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China.
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as the third leading cause of death globally, continues to impose a growing disease burden and has become a major public health challenge. Over the past year, breakthrough progress has been made in the field of precision diagnosis and treatment. In screening and diagnosis, a multi-tiered screening system based on healthcare resource stratification has established a comprehensive pathway from questionnaire-based initial screening to simplified pulmonary function tests and artificial intelligence-assisted CT analysis. The innovative development of multidimensional diagnostic criteria has overcome the limitations of traditional pulmonary function assessments, significantly improving the accuracy of identifying high-risk individuals at an early stage. In disease mechanism research, from the establishment of pre-COPD warning indicators to the mechanistic analysis of various clinical phenotypes, systematic studies have elucidated the initiating role of small airway dysfunction, the heterogeneous characteristics of mild-to-moderate COPD, the dynamic evolution patterns of mucus plugs, and the molecular basis of emphysema phenotypes. In the therapeutic domain, biologics targeting type 2 inflammation (e.g., dupilumab, mepolizumab) have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in patients with eosinophilic phenotypes, providing new options for advancing phenotype-based individualized treatment strategies. These groundbreaking advances collectively establish a new paradigm for precision diagnosis and treatment of COPD, marking the formal transition of disease management into a comprehensive process spanning from early warning to precision intervention.