Artificial Intelligence in Breast US Diagnosis and Report Generation.
Authors
Affiliations (9)
Affiliations (9)
- College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China (J.W.).
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China (J.W., D.N.).
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Electromagnetic Environment and Advanced Medical Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China (J.W., N.G.).
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China (H.T.T., H.Y.W., K.E.Y., G.Q.L., J. Chen, J.F.X., F.J.D.).
- National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518073, China; Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518073, China; Medical UltraSound Image Computing (MUSIC) Lab, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518073, China (X.Y., R.S.C., A.C., Y.L.C., R.B.H., J. Cheng, Y.S.Z.).
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China (X.L.Z., D.N.).
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK (H.R.D.).
- Shenzhen RayShape Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518071, China (R.G.).
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210093, China (N.G.).
Abstract
<i>"Just Accepted" papers have undergone full peer review and have been accepted for publication in <i>Radiology: Artificial Intelligence</i>. This article will undergo copyediting, layout, and proof review before it is published in its final version. Please note that during production of the final copyedited article, errors may be discovered which could affect the content.</i> Purpose To develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence (AI) system for generating breast ultrasound (BUS) reports. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 104,364 cases from three hospitals (January 2020-December 2022). The AI system was trained on 82,896 cases, validated on 10,385 cases, and tested on an internal set (10,383 cases) and two external sets (300 and 400 cases). Under blind review, three senior radiologists (> 10 years of experience) evaluated AI-generated reports and those written by one midlevel radiologist (7 years of experience), as well as reports from three junior radiologists (2-3 years of experience) with and without AI assistance. The primary outcomes included the acceptance rates of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories and lesion characteristics. Statistical analysis included one-sided and two-sided McNemar tests for non-inferiority and significance testing. Results In external test set 1 (300 cases), the midlevel radiologist and AI system achieved BI-RADS acceptance rates of 95.00% [285/300] versus 92.33% [277/300] (<i>P</i> < .001; non-inferiority test with a prespecified margin of 10%). In external test set 2 (400 cases), three junior radiologists had BI-RADS acceptance rates of 87.00% [348/400] versus 90.75% [363/400] (<i>P</i> = .06), 86.50% [346/400] versus 92.00% [368/400] ( <i>P</i> = .007), and 84.75% [339/400] versus 90.25% [361/400] (<i>P</i> = .02) with and without AI assistance, respectively. Conclusion The AI system performed comparably to a midlevel radiologist and aided junior radiologists in BI-RADS classification. ©RSNA, 2025.