High-definition motion-resolved MRI using 3D radial kooshball acquisition and deep learning spatial-temporal 4D reconstruction.
Authors
Affiliations (3)
Affiliations (3)
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 321 East 61st Street, New York, New York, 10065, UNITED STATES.
- Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 321 East 61st Street, New York, New York, 10065, UNITED STATES.
- Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 321 East 61st Street, New York, 10065-6007, UNITED STATES.
Abstract

To develop motion-resolved volumetric MRI with 1.1mm isotropic resolution and scan times <5 minutes using a combination of 3D radial kooshball acquisition and spatial-temporal deep learning 4D reconstruction for free-breathing high-definition lung MRI. 
Approach: 
Free-breathing lung MRI was conducted on eight healthy volunteers and ten patients with lung tumors on a 3T MRI scanner using a 3D radial kooshball sequence with half-spoke (ultrashort echo time, UTE, TE=0.12ms) and full-spoke (T1-weighted, TE=1.55ms) acquisitions. Data were motion-sorted using amplitude-binning on a respiratory motion signal. Two high-definition Movienet (HD-Movienet) deep learning models were proposed to reconstruct 3D radial kooshball data: slice-by-slice reconstruction in the coronal orientation using 2D convolutional kernels (2D-based HD-Movienet) and reconstruction on blocks of eight coronal slices using 3D convolutional kernels (3D-based HD-Movienet). Two applications were considered: (a) anatomical imaging at expiration and inspiration with four motion states and a scan time of 2 minutes, and (b) dynamic motion imaging with 10 motion states and a scan time of 4 minutes. The training was performed using XD-GRASP 4D images reconstructed from 4.5-minute and 6.5-minute acquisitions as references. 
Main Results: 
2D-based HD-Movienet achieved a reconstruction time of <6 seconds, significantly faster than the iterative XD-GRASP reconstruction (>10 minutes with GPU optimization) while maintaining comparable image quality to XD-GRASP with two extra minutes of scan time. The 3D-based HD-Movienet improved reconstruction quality at the expense of longer reconstruction times (<11 seconds). 
Significance: 
HD-Movienet demonstrates the feasibility of motion-resolved 4D MRI with isotropic 1.1mm resolution and scan times of only 2 minutes for four motion states and 4 minutes for 10 motion states, marking a significant advancement in clinical free-breathing lung MRI.