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An MRI radiomics approach using invasion-based weak supervision for identifying and evaluating aggressive PitNETs.

December 2, 2025pubmed logopapers

Authors

Wang Y,Guan X,Ma S,Zhang Y,Yang J,Liu Y,Sun Y,Ma L,Li D,Tang Y,Zhang C,Jia W

Affiliations (10)

  • Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • Beijing Neurosurgery Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
  • Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. [email protected].
  • Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. [email protected].
  • Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. [email protected].
  • Beijing Neurosurgery Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. [email protected].
  • China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND), Beijing, China. [email protected].

Abstract

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) aggressiveness critically affects treatment and prognosis, yet reliable noninvasive preoperative tools remain lacking. We developed a deep learning radiomics (DLR) model integrating automatic segmentation, feature extraction, selection, and DLR score computation, trained on the training cohort and validated on the remaining cohorts (total n = 1089 from three medical centers). Using nnUnet and a fine-tuned Swin Transformer, 13 key features were identified to construct the model. The DLR score demonstrated strong correlation with Knosp and Hardy-Wilson invasion classifications, while outperforming them in predicting recurrence and indicating aggressive pathological markers (Ki-67, p53, macrophages) and revealing biological pathways (MAPK, TGF-β). The model was further implemented into an online platform, enabling clinical deployment. This noninvasive preoperative approach provides a robust imaging biomarker for identifying and evaluating PitNET aggressiveness and may support individualized treatment strategies.

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