Long-term alterations of cerebellar structure after premature birth.
Authors
Affiliations (9)
Affiliations (9)
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Nuclear Medicine; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].
- University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany; RheinAhrCampus, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Joseph-Rovan-Allee 2, 53424, Remagen, Germany.
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich; Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany; TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich; Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Nuclear Medicine; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich; Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany; TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich; Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich; Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick; University Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick; University Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
- University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Nuclear Medicine; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
Abstract
Alterations of cerebellar volume were reported in prematurely-born children, adolescents and adults, suggesting long-lasting effects on cerebellar growth. However, studies mostly examined global cerebellar volumes, which could disguise focal, subregional differences. Based on T1-/T2-weighted MRI, this voxel-based morphometry study used the SUIT toolbox for optimized analysis of cerebellar and brainstem gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes in young adults born very preterm (<32 gestational weeks) and/or with very low birth weight (<1500g; N=101, M=26.7 years) and full-term controls (N=109, M=26.8 years) from the Bavarian Longitudinal study. Voxel-wise group differences for GM and WM tissue maps, and correlation with prematurity-related variables were analyzed. For comparison, an automated, deep learning-based segmentation of cerebellar regions of interest (ROI) was performed using CerebNet. Preterms showed lower cerebellar (and brainstem) WM volume, which correlated with prematurity-related variables. While voxel-based analyses observed higher preterm GM volume in anterior vermal and superior-posterior foci, these were sensitive to modeling strategies for intracranial volume confounds. Among preterms, GM volume showed positive associations with GA only, in distinct inferior-posterior regions. ROI-based analyses observed no significant GM differences except for lower preterm GM volume in right lobule X, but broader associations between subregional GM volumes and prematurity-related variables. Present data suggest that premature birth has a long-lasting influence on cerebellar morphology, preferentially its white matter aspects. The impact on cerebellar cortex volume may be more diffuse due to differential sensitivity of the growth trajectories of cerebellar subregions to perinatal and postnatal adversities.