AI flags early Alzheimer's on CT with 0.93 Dice accuracy

RadAI Slice Newsletter

Weekly Updates in Radiology AI

Good morning, there. A deep learning CT model reached Dice >0.93 for brain atrophy across dementia stages.

I am struck by how CT-based segmentation could meaningfully expand dementia imaging where MRI remains inaccessible. This study establishes multicenter accuracy, setting a precedent for broader neurodegenerative disease monitoring. Such validated tools may foster earlier diagnosis and increase global equity in dementia care.

Would CT-based brain atrophy models change your dementia workup?

Here's what you need to know about Radiology AI last week:

• CT AI Delivers MRI-Level Brain Atrophy Segmentation for Dementia

• Societies Issue Joint Guidelines for Safe Pediatric AI in Imaging

• AI Surpasses Expert Panel in Multicenter Pancreatic Cancer CT Detection

• Prospective, Multicenter Validation of MRI Deep Learning for TACE Response

• Plus: 1 newly released dataset & 4 new papers.

🧠 CT AI Delivers MRI-Level Brain Atrophy Segmentation for Dementia

RadAI Slice: A validated nnU-Net model enables accurate dementia staging from routine head CT.

The details:

• 2337 CTs across Alzheimer's/FTD spectrum analyzed

• Dice coefficient exceeded 0.93 in key ventricular regions

• Correlations to MRI volumetry up to 0.996

• External validation revealed stage-specific atrophy patterns

Key takeaway: CT-based neurodegeneration metrics could broaden access to dementia diagnostics, offering interpretable, robust segmentation where MRI is unavailable.

🛡️ Societies Issue Joint Guidelines for Safe Pediatric AI in Imaging

Image from: Radiology Business

RadAI Slice: Leading societies collaborate to publish child-centered AI guidance for imaging.

The details:

• Six pediatric/adult radiology groups signed the policy

• Warns most FDA-cleared AI is adult-focused

• Calls for regulation, outcome tracking, and pediatric validation

• Addresses purchasing, integration, interpretation, and education steps

Key takeaway: Policy now pushes for pediatric-specific validation and outcome monitoring before AI adoption, impacting developers and imaging departments globally.

🔬 AI Surpasses Expert Panel in Multicenter Pancreatic Cancer CT Detection

RadAI Slice: Paired-reader study shows AI outperforming radiologists for PDAC detection.

The details:

• 1130 patients, robust gold standards, external test sites

• AI AUC 0.92 vs. radiologist pool 0.88 (p=0.001)

• Superior results for both tumor detection and diagnostic speed

• Open-source benchmark released for future validation

Key takeaway: AI can meaningfully raise detection rates for late-presenting cancers like PDAC, supporting adoption in high-stakes diagnostic settings.

🩺 Prospective, Multicenter Validation of MRI Deep Learning for TACE Response

RadAI Slice: DL model using pretreatment MRI predicts post-TACE response and prognosis.

The details:

• Multicenter: data from 3 hospitals, hundreds of HCC patients

• DL-based MRI and MLP combine for AUC 0.80–0.82

• Performance confirmed on two external test sets

• DL features linked with angiogenesis/hypoxia gene signatures

Key takeaway: Prospective external validation supports integrating MRI-based DL for early, noninvasive HCC therapy response prediction across diverse practice settings.

SonoUS Public Datasets Collection (2025-09)

Modality: US | Focus: Multiple, including heart and brain | Task: Segmentation, classification

• Size: 72 datasets, ranging from ~5 to 83,000+ scans; 10 to 75,000+ patients/entities per set

• Annotations: Various; includes organ/lesion labels, segmentations, and structured metadata

• Institutions: University of Oxford, Khalifa University et al.

• Availability:

  Public (webpage link forthcoming)

• Highlight: Largest public catalog of ultrasound datasets, scored for openness (SonoDQS) and model transparency (SonoMQS); covers wide anatomical and worldwide data diversity.

📄 Fresh Papers

• doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003510 - Two-center, externally validated CT study: AI-based pulmonary vessel features predict rapid ILD progression and prognosis in myositis patients.

• doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108545 - COPDGene study: CT-based AI detects 85% of under-diagnosed interstitial lung disease at 98% specificity in a population cohort.

• doi:10.1007/s10140-025-02420-8 - Thematic review explores emergency radiology's transformation by AI, workforce shortages, and workflow integration challenges.

• doi:10.1186/s12931-025-03411-6 - Prospective single-center study: ML model integrating bedside multimodal ultrasound achieves AUC 0.93 for COPD exacerbation diagnosis.

• Browse 193 new radiology AI studies from last week.

📰 Everything else in Radiology AI last week

• Major AI investments and expansion from Nvidia, AWS and Canon highlight advances—and persistent challenges—in radiology, genomics, and clinical operations.

• Nvidia CEO states AI is enhancing, not replacing, radiology careers as clinical demand grows.

• Nvidia and Amazon's $50B AI push in genomics and radiology spotlights the growing urgency for radiology professionals to adapt.

• A CT-based AI model quantifies adrenal gland volume to correlate with chronic stress levels, validated by biomarkers and questionnaires.

• Image-only mammography AI model (421,500 scans, 27 centers) predicts 5-year cancer risk more accurately than breast density.

• Read 11 fresh radiology AI news articles for last week.

That's it for today!

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